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Listen to an Academic Talk Test #084
Listen to an Academic Talk
1. What is the lecture mainly about?
A) The different types of rock found in volcanoes
B) The dangers of living near tectonic plate boundaries
C) An explanation for volcanoes away from plate boundaries
D) The process of magma turning into lava
2. According to the professor, what is a feature of a geologic hot spot?
A) It moves along with the tectonic plate
B) It exists only under the ocean
C) It causes frequent, large earthquakes
D) It remains in a fixed position
3. What does the talk imply about the Big Island of Hawaii, the youngest in the chain?
A) It has stopped moving with the Pacific Plate
B) It is located far from the hot spot
C) It has the least amount of volcanic rock
D) It is currently located over the hot spot
4. Why does the professor discuss the movement of the Pacific Plate?
A) To demonstrate that hot spots are not permanent
B) To question a theory about plate tectonics
C) To show that all islands are formed by volcanoes
D) To explain how a chain of islands is formed
Professor: Most of Earth's volcanoes are located along the boundaries of tectonic plates. But some, like the famous Hawaiian Islands, are found right in the middle of a plate. These are called hot spot volcanoes.
A hot spot is a fixed place in the mantle that is unusually hot, causing rock to melt into magma. This magma rises through the crust to form a volcano on the plate above.
The key point is that the hot spot stays still while the tectonic plate moves over it. Over millions of years, as the Pacific Plate has drifted northwest, it has carried older volcanoes away from the hot spot and allowed new ones to form. This process created the long chain of islands we see today. So, these island chains are more than just beautiful; they provide a clear record of how fast and in what direction the tectonic plates are moving.
A hot spot is a fixed place in the mantle that is unusually hot, causing rock to melt into magma. This magma rises through the crust to form a volcano on the plate above.
The key point is that the hot spot stays still while the tectonic plate moves over it. Over millions of years, as the Pacific Plate has drifted northwest, it has carried older volcanoes away from the hot spot and allowed new ones to form. This process created the long chain of islands we see today. So, these island chains are more than just beautiful; they provide a clear record of how fast and in what direction the tectonic plates are moving.
Highlights
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