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A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, ash, and gases can escape from below the surface. geological is by movement of tectonic plates, creates intense heat and pressure. a volcano , it can form new land, such as islands, dramatically the surrounding . Although eruptions can be destructive, the volcanic soil they leave behind is often extremely fertile and ideal for agriculture. Scientists monitor volcanoes closely to predict eruptions and protect communities from potential danger.