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Listen to an Academic Talk Test #001
Listen to an Academic Talk
1. What is the lecture mainly about?
A) The absence of light in the deep sea
B) A chemical process that produces light in organisms
C) The diet of the anglerfish
D) The evolution of marine animals
2. According to the lecturer, what role does luciferin play?
A) It is a source of heat for the organism.
B) It is a key component in the light-producing reaction.
C) It helps animals see in the dark.
D) It is used to defend against predators.
3. What can be inferred about the deep-sea environment?
A) It is mostly populated by plants.
B) It is characterized by extreme darkness.
C) Its temperature is too high for most life.
D) It is a difficult place for scientists to study.
4. Why does the lecturer mention medical research?
A) To question the safety of studying bioluminescence
B) To explain how deep-sea creatures are collected
C) To provide an example of a practical application
D) To compare human and animal biology
Lecturer: Let's discuss a fascinating phenomenon: bioluminescence. This is the production and emission of light by a living organism. It's especially common in the deep sea, where sunlight is completely absent.
The light is created through a chemical reaction involving a substance called luciferin and an enzyme, luciferase. When they react with oxygen, light is produced with very little heat. The anglerfish, for example, uses a glowing lure to attract prey in the dark. Other creatures use bioluminescence to find mates or to defend against predators. In fact, it's estimated that up to 90 percent of deep-sea life is bioluminescent.
This natural process has inspired many potential applications. Scientists are exploring its use in medical research to track processes inside cells, and in engineering to develop new, highly efficient light sources.
The light is created through a chemical reaction involving a substance called luciferin and an enzyme, luciferase. When they react with oxygen, light is produced with very little heat. The anglerfish, for example, uses a glowing lure to attract prey in the dark. Other creatures use bioluminescence to find mates or to defend against predators. In fact, it's estimated that up to 90 percent of deep-sea life is bioluminescent.
This natural process has inspired many potential applications. Scientists are exploring its use in medical research to track processes inside cells, and in engineering to develop new, highly efficient light sources.
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