The Renaissance was a period of intense artistic and intellectual activity, considered a bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. Originating in in the 14th century, sparked a of interest in the art ideas of ancient and Rome. era saw groundbreaking achievements in painting, sculpture, , and literature by figures Leonardo da and Michelangelo. Humanism, a philosophy that emphasized human potential and reason, was a central theme. The movement's influence gradually spread across Europe, transforming culture and science.